Archive for January 2010

Life Aquatic: Borneo in the rainy season

Posted by in Elephant,Featured,Field Research,orangutan

logodanauTypically when you work in a seasonal floodplain, you expect nothing less than seasonal flooding. But sometimes, the river overflows its banks and intrudes like rarely seen before.

Our partners in Elephant Conservation work out of the Danau Girang Field Centre in the Malaysian State of Sabah on the island of Borneo. Geography Assigment – google a map on find Sabah on the island. The Centre sits on the banks of the Kinabatangan River, a 560km river which runs from the mountains of SW Sabah down to the Sulu Sea. Find this on the map as well, I will wait…

Danau Girang underwater...

Danau Girang underwater...

When I visited last October, the giant meandering river was easily 10feet below the bank. The field house photo below is then another 100-150 yards into the forest. All travel in the area is thankfully by boat but you can imagine how difficult it must be to track elephants, orangutans, and other animals in this environment. Not to mention issues with clean drinking water, flooding generators and whether your clothesline will float away in the night.

I of course cannot forget to mention how much closer this flooding will be bring crocodiles, who normally stay on the riverbanks, to your door now that they think your door is the riverbank.

“Good morning dear, there is a 15 foot crocodile on our front porch”.

“Oh, lovely, invite him in for tea…”

A Date with the Whales of Baja

Posted by in Featured,Travel,What You Can Do

0002Valentine, Schmalantine! How about romance on the high seas in December instead? Ok, maybe the low seas? Not sure if the Sea of Cortez is high or low but there be Whales there and we are booking cabins now for our December 10-15 tour for our Baja Escape: Exploring the Sea of Cortez tour.

Explore the underwater world of Baja alongside an Undersea Specialist aboard the National Geographic Sea Bird Explorer.

  • Utilize kayaks to uncover the coastal beauty of pristine islands and inlets.
  • Enjoy a beach barbecue under a starry sky.

Escape to a world teeming with wildlife; where the cactuses are the tallest on earth, the island beaches show no footprints except your own, and the setting sun seems to glow orange for hours.

 

Contact conservation@houstonzoo.org for more information

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Tapirs, Brazil and The Pantanal

Posted by in Featured,Field Research,Travel

The Pantanal is the largest inundated plain in the world and is a refuge for endangered species like the jaguar, tamandua, hyacinth macaw, the giant anteater and the giant otter. Covering approximately 160,000 km² of low elevation floodplain of the upper Rio Paraguay and its tributaries, in the center of the South American continent, roughly the size of the United Kingdom.

The dry and wet seasons are a remarkable characteristic of this ecosystem and dictate the rhythm of the incredible wild life sheltered in its ecosystem. There are an estimated 3,500 species of plants, 124 species of mammals, 177 species of reptiles, 41 species of amphibians and at least 423 species of birds. 

The Pantanal is considered “globally outstanding” in terms of biological distinctiveness and “vulnerable” in terms of conservation. The establishment of the long-term lowland tapir project in the Pantanal  region is a very important due to the key role tapirs play in maintaining critical ecosystem functions. As an indicator species, the tapir is critical for the long-term conservation of the Pantanal.

The Houston Zoo has supported Tapir field researcher Patricia Medici and her work for since 2004. Over the past 12 years, Patricia Medici’s lowland tapir project in the Atlantic Forest has successfully captured, radio-collared and monitored twenty-five (25) tapirs (13 females and 12 males), and has collected hundreds of samples of biological materials, which allows a considerable amount of new information about tapir ranging behavior, demography, dispersal patterns, genetics, epidemiology, and feeding ecology.

Male Tapir, Brazil. Photo by Pati Medici

Male Tapir, Brazil. Photo by Pati Medici

This is the first long-term tapir conservation initiative carried out in Brazil and has provided a detailed database of information about the conservation status and needs of tapirs in the fragmented landscape of the Pontal do Paranapanema Region. Pati has expanded her project in terms of continuing to promote the conservation of lowland tapirs in Brazil to conduct research and conservation initiatives to other regions of the country, more specifically other types of biomes. 

For more on Pati Medici and Tapirs, please go to http://www.tapirconservation.org.br/

You can travel with the Houston Zoo to visit Pati Medici and the Pantanal in July 2010 http://www.houstonzoo.org/travel-pantanal/

And now for a Random Plug…

Posted by in Endangered Species,What You Can Do

National Geographic Photographer and friend of the Houston Zoo Joel Sartore has published another fantastic book: Rare: Portraits of America’s Endangered Species which features portraits of some of the country’s most endangered creatures from flies to wolves. Some of them are likely to go extinct without people ever knowing they existed. Go to http://joelsartore.com/rare/ to view and tell me how the St. Andrew’s Beach Mouse is not absolutely the most adorable rodent ever photographed.

disclaimer – Houston Zoo receives no compensation for this – the book is just full of fantastic images and the message is something we all need to be aware of

Last Call for Borneo!

Posted by in Elephant,Endangered Species,Travel,What You Can Do

DSC_0407Reservation for our Borneo’s Elephants and Orangutans Tour will be closing soon with limited spaces available. The Houston Zoo is offering a one-of-a-kind experience on the island of Borneo. An encounter with  elephants and orangutans in the wild along the Kinabatangan River May 13-24, 2010.

The Kinabatangan River is 560km long and the Lower Kinabatangan region is estimated to have the largest concentration of wildlife in all of Malaysia. The area is renowned for its tropical birds including all 8 species of Hornbill found in Borneo. Crocodiles, monitor lizards, wild pigs, otters, civets, 10 species of primates including the island’s own proboscis monkey and Bornean Orang-utan , and of course, Borneo’s  elephants.
Contact conservation@houstonzoo.org for more information or go to our travel webpage

January 28th Speaker Event: Rhinos!

Posted by in Africa,Endangered Species,Featured,Rhino

Tickets are going fast…

The Houston Zoo’s 2010 Call of the Wild Speaker Series resumes January 28, 2010 with a very special guest – Dr. Susie Ellis, Executive Director of the International Rhino Foundation, the leading non-governmental organization for rhino conservation in the world.

Rhinos have existed on earth for more than 50 million years.  Today, from Africa to Indonesia, all but one of the world’s 5 surviving species of rhinos is on the verge of extinction.   Join us on January 28 in the Houston Zoo’s Brown Education Center auditorium as Dr. Ellis weaves a fascinating story about a species on the brink with first hand accounts from the field of efforts to save these amazing creatures.

Dr. Susie Ellis takes a hands on approach to rhino conservation.  In fact, on January 22, just six days before her Call of the Wild Speaker Series presentation, Dr. Ellis will be returning from near two weeks of field work in Indonesia to protect the few remaining Sumatran and Javan rhinos left on earth.   

Dr. Ellis’ dedication to the mission of the International Rhino Foundation has moved people of all ages to take action for rhino conservation. Two dedicated young conservationists will be introduced and honored during Dr. Ellis’ presentation.  Eight year old Jax Bittner of Buda, Texas created his own rhino conservation Web site (www.rhino-jax.com) and has raised more than $600 for rhino conservation.  Another Texan inspired by IRF’s work, 9 year old Eva Malone has raised $400 for rhino conservation. 

Don’t miss a minute of the Call of the Wild Speaker Series with Dr. Susie Ellis and her special guests.  Ticket prices are $10 for members, $15 for non-members, and $5 for children, students and Houston Zoo volunteers.  Buy tickets on-line when you visit http://www.houstonzoo.org/lectureseries/.   

Orangutans vs Palm Oil in Malaysia

Posted by in Endangered Species,Featured,orangutan,What You Can Do

The Houston Zoo has supported the Kinabatangan Orangutan Conservation Project since 2005 with a primary focus on the orang-utans use of secondary forest. Recently, program co-director Dr. Marc Ancrenaz was interviewed about orangutans and the palm oil issue in Malaysia on the website Mongabay.

The conflict between Palm Oil Industry and the protection of wildlife  habitat is a difficult one and has led to PR campaigns on both sides. For the full article, click over to http://news.mongabay.com/2010/0116-orangutans.html.

If you would like to help protect orang-utans and elephants in the wild, join us on March 27th for our 4th Pongos Helping Pongos Auction event.

Plastic Bags

Posted by in Going Green,What You Can Do

We have touched on the green theme a number of times so I thought I would simply cut and paste an article off of a website called Squawkfox with 50 resons to Go Green with Reusable Bags. The list is quite long so you get the first 25 and one solution. To see the rest just click here

I have also mentioned in the past that countries such as Rwanda  and Uganda and even parts of India have already outlawed plastic bags entirely so what are we waiting for?

The Problem:

  1. Consumer Cost. At 5 cents a bag in many North American shops, the bucks add up! Ireland pays a hefty 15 cents per bag tax. Buying a bin or reusable bag can save you hundreds over the years. While keeping costs down is a concern for many, there are more pressing plastic matters at stake!
  2. Production Cost. The production of plastic bags requires petroleum and often natural gas, both non-renewable resources that can cost big production bucks over time.
  3. City Cost. Both paper and plastic bags costs our cities millions. From recycling costs to processing in landfills.
  4. Disposal and Litter Cost. In a landfill, plastic bags can take up to 1,000 years to degrade. Plastic bags don’t biodegrade, they photo-degrade, breaking down into smaller toxic pieces. Continuous management of the disposal and growth of the waste is an expensive business.
  5. Ubiquitous. Everyone. Everywhere. Plastic and paper bags are everywhere. Nearly all of us use them, all the time. They are pervasive. Out of control. Disposable bags are a powerful symbol of consumerism gone mad. The over consumption of plastic and paper bags is ubiquitous.
  6. Global Warming. Manufactured plastic and paper bags contribute to global warming. Paper bag production delivers a global warming double-whammy since forests (major absorbers of greenhouse gases) have to be cut down, and then the subsequent manufacturing of bags produces greenhouse gases.
  7. Petroleum Depletion. It takes 0.48 MJ (megajoules) of energy to produce a plastic bag. An average car consumes 4.18 MJ in driving 1 km, or the equivalent of 7 plastic bags. We’re bagging the oil.
  8. Loaded Landfills. One bag doesn’t take up much space, but millions do. Many cities are already having problems finding space for all their garbage. Reducing the volume of waste we produce means less new garbage dumps. I do indeed prefer parks over mounds of plastic.
  9. Wildlife. Plastic bags are light, and can blow in the wind. They fly into trees and into wildlife habitat. Animals can consume these plastics, and perish. Plastic bags are a deadly killer to wildlife.
  10. Marine Life. Over 100,000 marine animals are killed each year from plastic bags. Sea turtles, water birds, and other creatures mistake them for food or become entangled in them. In some parts of the ocean, there are six pounds of plastic for every pound of plankton.
  11. Litter. We may think we’ve thrown out a plastic bag. Albeit, many blow out of trash cans and become litter. Some are carelessly tossed. They are an eyesore and scar the landscape.
  12. Recycling not financially feasible. Apparently, only 1 to 3 percent of plastic bags are recycled. It costs a whopping $4,000 to process and recycle 1 ton of plastic bags, which can then be sold for a meager $32 . This business model is a financial failure.
  13. Recycling contamination. Of those bags that do reach recycling depots, the risk of plastic contamination is high. Melting the wrong plastics together can render the batch contaminated and unusable.
  14. Flooding. Plastic bags littering our cities can end up blocking storm sewers. This contributed to recent flooding in Bangladesh and western India.
  15. Dependence on foreign oil. Plastic bags are made from oil, much of which is imported from overseas. Not depending on something coming from thousands of miles away is better way.
  16. Carbon footprint. Producing plastic bags requires energy. Transporting bags to the store burns through more energy. Much of this energy is obtained by burning hydrocarbons, which releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere.
  17. Plastic is forever. Almost every plastic bag you have touched in your lifetime still exists in some shape or form. With few exceptions, plastic bags will take thousands of years to break down. The bag my first pair of shoes came in a couple decades ago is out there, somewhere.
  18. Bag production releases pollution. In addition to petroleum, the manufacture of bags uses dyes, plasticizers, and other toxic chemicals. Many of the byproducts of their manufacture ends up in the environment as pollution.
  19. Chemical leaching. Dyes and other chemicals found in plastic bags contain lead, cadmium, and other toxins that leach out into the environment.
  20. Suffocation Hazzard. Ever read the warning on plastic bags? “This bag is not a toy and can cause suffocation of small children.” I’ve never seen this warning on a canvas reusable bag.
  21. Paper bags consume more energy than plastic. It takes more than four times as much energy to manufacture a paper bag as it does to manufacture a plastic bag.
  22. Paper bags consume forests. Most paper comes from tree pulp, so the impact of paper bag production on forests is enormous. In 1999, 14 million trees were cut to produce the 10 billion paper grocery bags used by Americans that year alone.
  23. Paper bags do not degrade any faster than plastic. Paper in today’s landfills does not degrade or break down at a substantially faster rate than plastic does. In modern landfills nothing completely degrades due to lack of water, light, oxygen and other necessary degradation elements.
  24. Paper bags require more landfill space. A paper bags takes up more space than a plastic bag in a landfill, but because paper is recycled at a higher rate, saving space in landfills is less of an issue.
  25. It just keeps piling up. Every minute, every hour, every day. The the consumer baggage keeps adding up. Going with reusable bags can help stop the needless plastic and paper bag pileup.

The Solution:

  1. Cost. Buy a few reusable bags or bins once. Reusable bags are inexpensive and last for many years, saving you money over the long haul.

All blogged out with no place to go…

Posted by in Uncategorized

Adult Cheetah, Masai Mara, Kenya

Adult Cheetah, Masai Mara, Kenya

Since it is raining every day in Houston this week, let’s talk about the consequences of prolonged drought and weather pattern shift. Sounds like a weighty topic? It is which is why I am going to just give two examples of the effects changing weather may have on wildlife and people.

Africa 2009. Mali to be exact. Timbuktu! Who thought that was a made up place only seen in movies? Geography lesson – go to a search engine and find Mali within the African continent. Mali holds what is thought to be the last remaning population of desert elephants in Africa and being desert elephants, they have adapted to living in harsh conditions. According to Save the Elephants, each year, these elephants trek farther on the fringes of the Sahara to find water. They have the longest migration route of any in the continent, traveling “in a counterclockwise circle” of about 700 kilometers (435 miles).

Here is the lingering issue from what is perceived to be the worst drought in nearly three decades in that region. The lack of water has forced elephants to compete with the herdsmen who manage livestock for water resources such as waterholes and wells, many of them man-made for the livestock. The herdsmen need to feed their communities and the wildlife need to drink to survive so you can see the serious issue that can and did occur. In other parts of Africa, this scenario played out with the continents top predators such as Lions and Leopards.

In East Africa, drought sticken lands led to loss of vegetation so when the rains finally did arrive in the fall they brought with them mudslides, crop destruction, waterborne diseases and disrupted road networks accoridng to the the U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.

Back home in Texas, drought hit Central and Southern Texas and is actually into it’s 3rd year and is effecting some of the areas natural resources such as the spring-fed Barton Creek, a popular tourist destination as well as wildlife, ranchers and agricultural operations.

Enjoy the wet weather while we have it. It is consistent weather patterns we need to break these erratic cycle worldwide.

Galapagos Tortoise

Posted by in Animal Origins & Fun Facts,Endangered Species,Featured

PC060075In November 2009, a group of veterinarians including the Houston Zoo’s Director of Veterinary Services Dr. Joseph Flanagan, working with the Galapagos National Park (GNP), prepared 39 hybrid tortoises slated to be the pioneer group to initiate the return of tortoises to Pinta Island.  Project Pinta is a multi-year project aimed at the restoration of the island following the successful eradication of goats on Pinta in 2003.  While complete island restoration will require the eventual repopulation of Pinta with a reproductive tortoise population, scientists and managers are awaiting the final results from genetic analyses of a massive sampling of tortoises before making the final selection of which tortoises to use.  To initiate the return of tortoises, critical ecosystem engineers during this important period of vegetative recovery, a special group of tortoises will be released onto Pinta.  To ensure that this group of hybrid tortoises will not compromise any future efforts to reestablish a reproductive population, veterinarians sterilized them.   

Research on giant tortoises in Galapagos during the last 40 years has demonstrated many ways in which tortoises play a major role in Galapagos ecosystems.  Given their size, movement patterns, and use of resting forms (hollowed-out beds created by tortoises for resting), tortoises can affect both the pattern and structure of vegetation.  In addition, grazing by tortoises can help maintain open areas within forests.  Studies of the Galapagos tomato and other plant species have shown a marked increase in germination rates following passage through the gut of tortoises.  Besides scarification of seeds, tortoise scat can provide a rich substrate for germination and growth.  Studies have shown that seeds consumed by tortoises may take from a few days to weeks to be deposited, allowing for seed dispersal over distances of several kilometers.  Probably more than any other native species in Galapagos, tortoises have a major impact on the structure and composition of their environment.   

Tortoises are needed back on Pinta.  With the eradication of goats in 2003, vegetation grew back quickly but without tortoises to engineer the recovery.  Shade-loving plant species are becoming more and more abundant, reducing the available habitat for native and endemic sun-loving species.  Pinta needs a natural habitat engineer, the giant tortoise, to ensure a balanced recovery and to fully restore the island to its near pristine condition.  

While awaiting the final results of the genetic survey, conservation managers took steps to initiate the return of tortoises to Pinta through the use of sterilized adult hybrid tortoises currently held in captivity.  This is considered the best short-term solution to initiate a more balanced recovery. 

Watch our http://www.houstonzoo.org/conservation website in the coming week for more detalis on this project.

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