Archive for the ‘Enrichment: Keeping it Interesting’ Category

Enrichment v.2.0

Posted by in Carnivores: Spots, Stripes and Sharp Teeth!,Elephants,Enrichment: Keeping it Interesting

Our dedicated staff of keepers at the Houston Zoo work tirelessly to provide novel and interesting enrichment items for our numerous animal residents. Many people are aware that enrichment helps stimulate natural behaviors, promote physical and mental well-being as well as giving our guests the opportunity to see how amazing the animals truly are. Enrichment for our animals must also be safe, and depending on the animal may also be a bit unruly or cumbersome. An excellent example of this is Tucker, a juvenile bull Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) playing with a very large log.

Tucker the Asian Elephant
Now this item brought hours of enjoyment to Tucker and our other elephants at the Houston Zoo. However, at a certain point it is time for these items to be retired. Sometimes our animals will play with an item until it is no longer safe, or until it becomes boring. At this time, it’s best to dispose of the item and find something else… or is it?

jon log

 

Here we have our Lions (Panthera leo) getting the opportunity to play with the very same log. Of course, a log built for an elephant can be a bit too large for a lion, so our staff have cut these sections of log to be a more appropriate size. These logs still weigh quite a bit (two animal keepers were needed to move them into the yard), but our lionesses were able to move them around with ease. In fact, they were able to throw them around without much exertion.

This time of enrichment is immensely rewarding. Not only do our lions get new toys, but they also have a very interesting smell thanks to living with our elephants for so long. We’re also recycling our enrichment items and reducing our environmental impact. While the log was no longer appropriate for our elephants, with a few modifications it becomes a wonderful new source of enrichment for our large carnivores!

‘Spotlight on Species’ Chimpanzee

Posted by in African Forest,Chimpanzees,Conservation,Endangered Species,Enrichment: Keeping it Interesting,Primates

Chimpanzees are very intelligent and incredibly resourceful when in comes to creating ways to obtain their food.  Visitors to the Houston Zoo can see an example of this creativity on a daily basis during the 12:30 keeper chat. The chimpanzee exhibit has its very own termite mound replica and guests can watch the chimpanzees modify and use branches to retrieve delicious treats such as yogurt, bananas, or juice .

Lucy fishing at replica termite mound.

Chimpanzees in the wild exhibit a similar behavior by modifying branches to fish for termites. Other examples of tool use by chimpanzees in the wild include modifying branches into spears for hunting small mammals, using rocks to crack nuts, wadding leaves as sponges to soak up water, and bunching leaves and branches to make comfortable nests to sleep in at night.

When visiting the Houston Zoo chimpanzee exhibit, take a second to watch the different techniques the chimpanzees use to ‘fish’ for their treats in the termite mound.  Lucy’s favorite spot is the top of the termite mound. This is prime real estate when it is time to ‘fish.’ It is also a great spot for her to observe guests of the zoo and all their entertaining antics. She usually chews on the end of her branch in order to make it better able to soak up liquids or makes it flatter so that it can scoop more treats out of the tubes.

Willie

 

Willie, the juvenile, has his own unique technique. Instead of modifying his own branch, he usually tries to steal someone else’s already modified tool. If he doesn’t steal the tool, he may sit just next to another chimpanzee and take their delicious treat off the end of their branch before they get a chance to enjoy it.

 

 

 

Let us know your suggestions for what tasty treat to put in the chimpanzees’ termite mound, then stop by on May 25-27 for a ‘Spotlight on Species’ focusing on Chimpanzees to see what they are fishing for that day. The ‘Spotlight on Species’ will be from 10am-3pm and there will be many fun and educational activities to help visitors learn about chimpanzees. You can bring in old cell phones for recycling in exchange for a chimpanzee conservation bracelet. Meet the primate keepers who care for the Houston Zoo’s chimpanzees at 12:30 and 2:30 during a keeper chat.

Carnivores Hunting

Posted by in Carnivores: Spots, Stripes and Sharp Teeth!,Enrichment: Keeping it Interesting

I have been told that I can be a little competitive.  I would like to think it is just that I am driven and do not like to fail.  Regardless, the end result is that if something is a little difficult for me I will often keep trying until I can get it right.  I often see that same manic glint in the eyes of our zoo residents as they try to figure out an enrichment item.  Enrichment is something that keepers offer to the animals at the Zoo every day.  It can be something as simple as a new food item, or as complex as a giant barrel made to look like a bird and filled with meat.  Whatever it may be, it is something different in an animal’s environment that encourages natural behaviors.

For me, nothing is more powerful than watching our carnivores “hunt”.  The absolute stillness which overtakes their bodies as they stalk their “prey” makes me not want to blink for fear of missing that crucial lunge.  Of course the pounce is so big that there was never a chance of missing it in the first place!  The Carnivore Keepers at the Houston Zoo help to encourage those natural hunting behaviors through the enrichment items they provide.

One of the lions proves that this species can indeed climb trees. She was able to knock the large femur bone from its perch.

The African Painted Dog pack works together to tear down a hanging piece of meat from a zip-line.

The carnivores at the zoo are fed a special meat diet formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of both felids and canids (cats and dogs).  They also receive special treats ranging from fish, to chicken, to even meal worms and crickets!  Presenting their regular diet as well as special treats in a variety of ways helps to engage that hunting behavior and offers the carnivores as well as our guests something special.

This can be especially important for social carnivores such as Lions and African Painted Dogs.  Offering them special food items as a group or an opportunity to hunt as a pack reestablishes crucial social ties.  Lions, for example, eat in order of a specific hierarchy.  The male eats first followed by females in order of dominance.  While keepers feed the majority of their diet separately to discourage aggression and make sure each lion receives their fair share, it is important to occasionally encourage the social interaction that occurs around a carcass.

The 15th of every month allows keepers to do just that.  The carnivores are offered a treat called bone-in-meat.  This is a large hunk of meat with the bone still inside.  The larger cats receive pieces ranging anywhere from 15-30lbs!  Presentations of this treat vary from sending it down a zip-line to staking in on exhibit, but the ripping and tearing involved in the consumption of this treat is enriching for animals and guests alike.

A Day in the Life of Cali the Sea Lion

Posted by in Enrichment: Keeping it Interesting,Mammals: Our Furry (and Hairy!) Friends,Sea Lions,Training

This post is written by Alicia Kemery, Sea Lion Keeper, through the eyes of Cali, one of the Houston Zoo’s resident sea lions.

Kamia, my sea lion sister, and I are early risers. We are up and swimming around before the sun rises and our keepers arrive. Our male sea lion, Rockie, on the other hand, prefers to lounge around behind the scenes. Sometimes we sleep outside on exhibit, and sometimes behind the scenes in our bedroom…I just go with the flow because that’s just how I am.

Yep, it’s me – Cali!

When our keepers arrive, they always check in on us and say good morning.  Our keepers change things on us all the time: we never know if they are going to clean our exhibit first, play music, give us enrichment, or do class time first. I really get into class time & enrichment! Enrichment is like recess; it’s anything that changes our environment…and that we typically play with. My favorite enrichment is ice, but Ozarka bottles with fish & fish pops are a close second. There’s lots of other enrichment too, like bubbles, water play, toys, scents, music…the list is endless!

When I’m in class, I get to play with the keepers and learn things too. Sometimes I go into the keeper area and give kisses, hop up on the cart, learn a new behavior, work on research, play & goof off, and do husbandry behaviors too.

For those of you who don’t know what a husbandry behavior is, I will school you. It’s a medical behavior or any behavior that helps them take better care of us. They brush our teeth, look into our eyes with flashlights and they will listen to us breathe with a stethoscope. They’ve been getting us more comfortable with more complicated behaviors too, like x-rays, taking blood, and ultrasounds. These behaviors are highly positive and I will tell you why…for anyone who knows me, I’m a “wiggle worm!” So, the keepers’ give me a bunch of food and play with me for being still. They get really excited which makes it fun for me.

The vets are also very nice and feed me too. I like all the subjects in class because I get lots of fish, but most of all, play time with the keepers. I really enjoy interacting with them and seeing what crazy things I can get them to do…they think they’re training me, but really, I am training them…it’s great! They all love us very much. I’ve heard them say they spend more time with us than their own kids.

Check me out! I know how to recycle and help teach others too.

After the shows and class time, the keepers start wrapping things up for the day because they go home to their human companions. We will typically swim and play for a couple more hours before snuggling up for bedtime. Some people don’t know this, but we sleep on land and can be out of water for 8 plus hours at a time.

Oh! That reminds me…sometimes we take naps underwater. Guests always get worried… it’s okay! We can hold our breath for up to 20 minutes! So, sometimes we will lie on top of the drain or under a pipe to make it easier to stay at the bottom of the pool then snooze for a little bit. Cool, huh?

Speaking of all of you, our guests, we enjoy people watching and warming your hearts. So, please come by and visit us; we would love to see you! Well, that’s all I can think of for the moment. So, on that note, I’m going to go see what my keepers are up to. See you later!

Animals Enjoy Easter Egg Treats and Toys

Posted by in Enrichment: Keeping it Interesting,Holidays,Uncategorized

What do you get for Easter for the animal that has everything? An egg, of course! This past week, Houston Zoo volunteers and staff were busy with newspaper, glue, and paint, creating more than 50 paper mache Easter eggs for our animals to explore and enjoy.

Many of the eggs were hidden in the chimpanzee yard by the winner of our Twitter contest, Randi Null. Other animals that got egg-themed enrichment included the lions, orangutans, tigers, elephants, and every guest’s favorite Komodo dragon, Smaug.

See Smaug enjoying his painted ostrich egg:

Check out more Zoo animals interacting with their enrichment:

Chronicles of a Zoo Intern: Experiencing Enrichment

Posted by in Carnivores: Spots, Stripes and Sharp Teeth!,Enrichment: Keeping it Interesting

This post written by Marissa Talamantes

Whenever guests visit the carnivore section, I notice they spend a good amount of time watching the animals on exhibit. While observing them, I am sure they notice random objects in the exhibits such as toys, butcher paper, bones, or even a distinct smell. We put these objects, known as enrichment, on exhibit for the animals.

Enrichment is something the Carnivore Department does every day in different forms. We use ENRICH as an acronym for Encouraging Natural Responses In Creative Habitats. Every day the keepers want to encourage natural responses in the animals by stimulating them with different objects and scents.

Here is Pandu, the male tiger playing tug-of-war with his enrichment object. This enrichment would receive a 5 for the day!

Each month the Carnivore Department makes a chart for every animal in the department. This chart is set up like a monthly calendar, and every day is labeled with a different behavior to encourage, as well as an example of an enrichment item that could be used. Some behaviors we encourage are playing, digging, and even jumping! Underneath the type of enrichment is a rating scale of 1 to 5. After we set up the enrichment for the day, we observe and rate the animal’s response. A score of one would be given if the item or activity is completely ignored. If there is a lot of interaction with the item or activity, a score of five would be given.

Here is an example of the calendar the Carnivore Department uses. The date is next to the behavior the keepers want to encourage, and the object of enrichment is underneath!

On certain days of the week, different animals in the department receive a gorge diet, meaning a large amount of food is given. This high amount stimulates behavior that is similar to making a large kill. The day after the gorge diet, the participating animals have a fasting day. This means they do not receive their raw meat diet, but bones instead; not only are they fun to chew on, but bones are also good for their teeth! This is similar to how food might be consumed in the wild where large meals are followed by days of fasting. The gorge diet enrichment helps simulate the uncertainty of finding food. Animals in nature are unsure of when their next meal will occur. Due to this uncertainty, the animals eat as much of the prey as possible in order to withstand the next possible days of not eating.

The Carnivore Department has different types of enrichment options, but some animals appear to have favorites. Jonathan (the male lion) and Ivy (the black leopard) appear to really enjoy poop from an Ankole steer, a livestock breed exhibited here at the zoo. Jonathan and Pandu (the male tiger) also appear to have favorite scents. Jonathan seems to like Polo cologne more than others, while Pandu seems to enjoy Stetson more.

Many items are donated by generous guests, docents, volunteers, and even staff. If you would like to learn more about enrichment at the zoo and the possibility of donating a toy for our animals, check out our Amazon Wishlist!

Here is Patty (an Andean Bear) scratching at the Christmas Tree she and her exhibit-mate, Willie, received for enrichment.

What Do You Get a Sea Lion for Valentine’s Day?

Posted by in Enrichment: Keeping it Interesting,Holidays,Sea Lions

What do you get a sea lion for Valentine’s Day?  A fish popsicle, of course! The keepers at the Houston Zoo made chilly pops made of red Jello and fish, and they let guests toss them into the sea lion pool for Cali and Kamia, the Zoo’s two female sea lions. As you can see, they enjoyed their treats quite a bit:

Cheetahs Run at Sam Houston Race Park

Posted by in Carnivores: Spots, Stripes and Sharp Teeth!,Enrichment: Keeping it Interesting

Last week, our cheetahs visited the Sam Houston Race Park to stretch their legs and chase a custom-made lure. Over the past few months, the cheetahs have made multiple trips to the race park, walking on leashes to become familiar with the park and its surroundings. Last week was the second time that Kito & Kiburi ran on the grass track off of their leashes.

In our special video, Beth Schaefer, the Houston Zoo’s curator of primates and carnivores, explains the importance of providing this exercise as a means of enrichment and benefit to the health of the animals.

Check out our flickr album with pictures of the cheetah run.

Got any questions about the run? Leave them in the comments section!

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